Matrix metalloproteinases in extracellular matrix remodeling: molecular, cellular and tissue aspects

Matrix metalloproteinases are an integral component of the organ-specific tissue microenvironment, primarily participating in regulation state integrative-buffer metabolic environment, remodeling, morphogenesis and immunogenesis, genesis pathological vascular diseases. Therefore, issues related to matrix metalloproteinase activity under altered gravity a matter high urgency for space biomedicine. The review highlights aspects gravity. study results included current systematic were searched independent literature sources PubMed Cochrane databases, Google Scholar NASA Technical Reports Server. A variety stress factors associated with flights, particular, exposure radiation, enhances expression transforming growth factor beta metalloproteinases-2. Experimental data obtained during several flights demonstrate that microgravity affects architecture cells increases metalloproteinases-1 interleukin-6. Microgravity reduces collagen I, level fibrillar collagen, which mechanical properties intracellular matrix. -1, -3, -10 demonstrated increased flight samples 16-week-old female C57BL/6J mice (n = 8) 15 days aboard Space Shuttle Discovery, STS-131 mission, compared ground control (12.94; 2.98 16.85 times, respectively, P<0.05), while inhibitors – inhibitors-1, -2, no statistically significant changes gene expression. There determined differences profiles lungs animals groups. genes revealed more than doubled CTGF, MMP-2, NACM1, SPARC, SPOCK1 TIMP-3, greatest decrease LAMA1, MMP-3, MMP-7, MMP-13, VCAM-1, SELE.